ISRFeb 23, 2026, 06:13:51 PM

Incremental Static Regeneration

This page is cached as a static file. After 30 seconds, the cache becomes 'stale'. The next visitor triggers a background regeneration, and the visitor after that gets the fresh version.

Rendering EnvServer Runtime

Strategy Details

Stale-While-Revalidate: Serve static, trigger background update, then serve fresh. Perfect for blogs, catalogs, and high-traffic sites.

Hydration Logic

Pre-rendered HTML is sent to the client, then React 'hydrates' it to enable full interactivity.

Regeneration Pipeline

Order of operations

Server Cache Hit

Page is served instantly from the pre-built static cache.

Stale Check

Next.js checks if 30s have passed. If yes, it "invalidates" the cache.

Background Update

The NEXT request triggers a background rebuild while serving the old page.

Fresh Data

Database is queried; once finished, the static cache is updated for the NEXT visitor.

Implementation Blueprint

app/page.tsx

// Revalidate every 30 seconds
export const revalidate = 30;

export default async function Page() {
  // First build: Dynamic fetch
  // Subequent requests: Static Cache
  const data = await fetch('https://api.com/data');
  
  return (
    <main>
      <h1>{new Date().toLocaleTimeString()}</h1>
      {data.map(item => <Card key={item.id} {...item} />)}
    </main>
  );
}

ISR provides the speed of static sites with the freshness of dynamic sites. It uses the 'Stale-While-Revalidate' pattern, ensuring no user ever has to wait for a database query.

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Next Topic

Client-Side Rendering

Learn about the traditional SPA approach and how hydration works in Next.js.

// Revalidate every 30 seconds export const revalidate = 30; export default async function Page() { // First build: Dynamic fetch // Subequent requests: Static Cache const data = await fetch('https://api.com/data'); return ( <main> <h1>{new Date().toLocaleTimeString()}</h1> {data.map(item => <Card key={item.id} {...item} />)} </main> ); }